Ok. First - whatever stupid thing I type here is for informational purposes only as is not intended as investment advice.
First thought on the Fed raising interest rates. In the words of the Great President George Bush I..."Read my lips - the Fed is never ever ever ever never ever never ever ever going to raise interest rates in any meaningful way...EVER!"
Sure like a 3 year old addicted to her binkie Wall Street might throw a temper tantrum when the idea of weaning off that binkie is presented...but like over indulgent parents the Fed will cave at the first sign precious is upset and make sure she is soothed.
A .25pt raise in interest rates might cause a short term Wall Street tantrum...but not a 30% crash.
My opinion of the overall market - it's pretty dang bullish...price is above multiple levels of support and the blips we've seen over the past week are just that---noise in an overall bullish trend. Hell we didn't even tag the first level of support (yet).
With that said - there's a lot of smoke and mirrors to this market...and there are a lot of potential issues that could cause a more significant drop. I'd like to think 10-20%% is the max...but the question is how to protect on a 30-40% drop...so that's what I'm answering.
To get to a 30% crash we're talking about a black swan event. Actually with all the circuit breakers, stop gaps, global central banking intervention...for the market to drop 30-40% in a span of a few weeks - months we're talking about multiple black swans occurring at around the same time.
What exactly is a black swan? To put it in perspective you guys can understand. The LA Rams playing for the Super Bowl this year is a black swan event. The Rams playing the Browns in the Super Bowl is a double black swan event.
So that's what we're betting on. The Rams Vs. The Browns in the Super Bowl actually happening.
I'll be back later to describe how to structure that position.
Sand is exactly right.
Black Swan events do happen and they happen all the time. It's just tough to predict - though in hindsight obvious.
So back to the hedge.
The Black Swan Hypothesis is that over the next number of weeks/months the $SPY will drop from between 30%-40% and we want to protect our long position with
cheap insurance. We're not looking to necessarily capitalize on the crash - just wanting to protect the portfolio from catastrophic loss. We have a well diversified portfolio that is valued at $100k.
$SPY is currently priced at $215. We own 465 shares of $SPY (465 x $215= $99,975). Our hypothesis suggests a price below $150 in the near future. At $150 our portfolio would be valued at $69,750 (465 x $150).
The easiest hedge is with put options. In this case I'd look to the Nov Expiration $SPY 180 Puts.
Why the 180's?
If $SPY were to crash to below $150...those $180 Puts would have an intrinsic value of $30. The $180's would gain $1.00 of intrinsic value for every dollar below $180. So at $170 = $10 Intrinsic Value; $160= $20 Intrinsic Value; $140= $40 Intrinsic Value. With $SPY at $150 - one $180 Put Contract would be worth $3000. Because we're looking to protect $100000 portfolio against $30k in losses; we'd need to purchase 10 Contracts.
At the moment (Monday at 9:30am) the Nov $180 Puts are trading $.39 x $.40. In our case we'd buy 10 contracts at $.40 or $400. So for $400 or 4 tenths of 1% of your portfolio value you have black swan insurance through Nov expiration. Holding Nov Puts, also gives you the freedom or "option" to roll the position out sometime between now and that expiration - likely prior to Oct expiration. 3 Rolls would purchase "insurance" through March 2017 at a total cost of 1.5-3% of your portfolio.
The truth of some possible scenarios how the position would likely unfold:
1) $SPY stays at this level or rises. Your Puts are going to expire worthless at $0. Sucks losing $400, but I take it most people purchase fire insurance for their house and aren't too disappointed when their house doesn't burn down.
2) $SPY Crashes about 15% to $182.75. YOU LOSE, YOU GET NOTHING. GOOD DAY SIR. I SAID GOOD DAY! This scenario is like being punched in the face by Mike Tyson 1988. You are right about a major decline but the magnitude of the decline was less than your position. Here not only do you lose the $400 "insurance", but your portfolio takes about a -$15k hit.
3) $SPY Crashes 20% to $172. In this case the $180 Puts will have $8.00 of Intrinsic Value x 10 = $8000. Your $SPY Portfolio will be worth $79980 (465 shares x $172) + $8000 Put Value for a total value of $87,980. Slightly Hedged
4) $SPY Crashes 30% to $150. In this case the $180 Puts will have an Intrinsic Value of $30 x 10= $30000. Your $SPY Portfolio will be worth $69,750 (465 shares x $150) + $30000 Put value for a total value of $99,750. Fully Hedged
5) EDIT: $SPY Crashes 40% to $129. In this case the $180 Puts will have an Intrinsic Value of $51 x 10= $51000. Your $SPY Portfolio will be worth $59985 (465 shares x $129) + $51000 Put value for a total value of $11098599,985. Fully Hedged+
Side Notes: Options are priced according to Intrinsic Value and Extrinsic Value. Right now those $180 Puts have $0 Intrinsic Value and $.40 of Extrinsic Value. In a crash scenario volatility would rise, and Extrinsic Value would rise dramatically. For example if tomorrow we woke up to find Black Swans Crashing and $SPY dropped all the way to $150. The value of those Nov $180 Puts would be close to $50+...$30 of Intrinsic Value + $20+ of Extrinsic Value because Volatility would be at an extreme and push the Extrinsic Value up up up.
One note about "crashes". Crashes suck. It really bothers me when people "root" for one. The truth is there would be a lot of collateral damage in a crash. A crash of 30+% catastrophic. Lives forever changed for the worse. Yours might be one of them.
Now the question as to whether now is a good time to hedge? These are questions best answered in hindsight. The odds of a 30% crash these days is very very small. I thought the Rams would lose yesterday too. Technically the market looks very bullish overall though I leave it open to change my mind.