Anarchy99
Footballguy
There was a sidebar discussion in the Lamar Jackson thread, in which I posted:
I have since done the research and crunched the numbers. Here's what I did.Using contract data from Spotrac and OverTheCap, I compiled the salary cap data for QB dating back to the start of the salary cap era in 1994. The more recent the season, the more accurate the data is. The past 20 seasons or so are extremely accurate. The seasons before that are mostly accurate (there was less data on backup QB from the 90s). My data set includes ONLY THE SALARY CAP CHARGE DATA of each QB for that particular season FOR QB THAT MADE THE CONFERENCE CHAMPIONSHIP GAMES. Note that means I DID NOT use AAV of contracts, so if a player has a contract that averages $40M a year but in the year he made the Final Four had a $5M cap charge, he is in my spreadsheet at $5M not $40M. Most of the QB mega contracts these days have greatly reduced cap hits early in the contract (when the player raked in tons of bonus money). For example, there have only been 81 instances where a team took a cap hit of $20M+ for a QB. More teams are pushing those cap hits into future cap years. For example, from 2018-2020, there were 44 contracts (roughly 15 per season) that commanded cap hits of $20M+. In 2021, there were 9. In 2022, there were only 7. (As of now, there are 11 for 2023 if teams don't modify them.)
I did not do what Yahoo! did in their research (comparing salary and experience to create a formula for expected performance). What I have is the raw data . . . these teams got as far as they did taking the cap charge they did. One of the reasons I don't totally agree with what Yahoo! did (as I understand it) is they looked at all contracts. I still contend that rookie contracts (or under market QB contracts) are both worth more than value contracts at other positions and also are an integral part of an effective roster building strategy. The logic being, getting premium production from an underpaid QB leaves more money to spend on other positions. Maybe I am confusing what Yahoo! was exploring, but if they considered all rookie QB contracts (for players that ended up on terrible teams), that would drag down the results for the value of a good team with a top QB on a rookie QB. I did not look at all contracts . . . only the ones for the teams that advanced to the conference championship games.
For each team, I considered the QB that carried the highest salary cap hit on the roster (since the team had to account for that player, whether he remained the starter, missed time with injury, was benched, etc.). For example, I used Drew Bledsoe as the QB for the 2001 Patriots (who had the 5th highest cap hit for a QB that season), even though Tom Brady ended up playing the majority of the time. Here were some key takeaways and observations.
- Of the 10 QB that have had salary cap charges of $30M+, only one (10%) has made the Final Four (Mahomes this season).
- Of the 26 QB that have had salary cap charges of $25M+, only four (15%) have made the Final Four (Mahomes 2022, Garoppolo 2021, Brady 2020, Rodgers 2019).
- Of the 81 QB that have had salary cap charges of $20M+, 12 (15%) have made the Final Four. Of those 12, the only players that did it more than once (at a charge of $20M+) were Brady, Rodgers, and Garoppolo.
- The QB with the highest salary cap charge made the Final Four 5 times in 29 seasons (17%).
- QB ranked in the Top 5 for salary cap charges made the Final Four 23 times, meaning a Top 5 QB had a 16% chance of making it.
- QB ranked in the Top 10 for salary cap charges made the Final Four 46 times, meaning a Top 10 QB had also had a 16% chance of making it.
- QB ranked outside of the Top 20 for salary cap charges made the Final Four 24 times, which was once more than players in the Top 5.
- QB ranked outside the Top 40 for salary cap charges made the Final Four 5 times, which was the same as the number of times as the player with the highest cap charge.
- In the past 10 seasons, there were 9 QB ranked in the Top 5 (22.5%) . . . but 12 QB not ranked in the Top 20 (30%).
- In the past 10 seasons, 5 times there were 2 QB NOT ranked in the Top 20 for salary cap hits. That only happened one other time in 19 other seasons.
- In the past 10 seasons, 4 times there was a QB NOT ranked in the Top 40 for salary cap hits. That also only happened once in 19 other seasons.
- Over all 29 seasons, the average salary cap ranking for SB winning QB was 14.9. The average salary cap ranking for SB losing QB was exactly the same (14.9).
- The average salary cap ranking for all QB that lost in the conference championship was marginally better at 14.7.
Total Top 5 QB in Final 4:
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 4
1 QB - 15
0 QB - 10
Total Top 10 QB in Final 4:
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 4 (2016, 2007, 2004, 1994)
2 QB - 12
1 QB - 10
0 QB - 3 (2017, 2010, 2000)
Total Number of QB Not in Top 20:
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 6 (5 in the past 10 seasons)
1 QB - 12
0 QB - 11
Top 5 QB in each Final 4 (2013 - 2022):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 2
1 QB - 5
0 QB - 3
Top 10 QB in each Final 4 (2013 - 2022):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 1
2 QB - 4
1 QB - 4
0 QB - 1
Number of QB Not in Top 20 (2013 - 2022):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 5
1 QB - 2
0 QB - 3
Top 5 QB in each Final 4 (2003 - 2012):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 2
1 QB - 5
0 QB - 3
Top 10 QB in each Final 4 (2003 - 2012):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 2
2 QB - 3
1 QB - 4
0 QB - 1
Number of QB Not in Top 20 (2003 - 2012):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 0
1 QB - 5
0 QB - 0
Top 5 QB in each Final 4 (1994 - 2002):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 0
1 QB - 5
0 QB - 4
Top 10 QB in each Final 4 (1994 - 2002):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 1
2 QB - 5
1 QB - 2
0 QB - 1
Number of QB Not in Top 20 (1994 - 2002):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 1
1 QB - 5
0 QB - 3
The average salary cap hit ranking overall is 14.8 (across 116 teams in 29 seasons). Over the past 10 seasons, the average per season has been: 22.25, 13.25, 19.25, 23, 19.5, 21.5, 8.25, 11.5, 20, and 24.
Based on all of this, it would be a little premature to conclude with certainty that rookie contracts give teams a decided advantage, but on the surface it does appear that in the past 10 years more teams have made the Final 4 with players ranked lower on the cap charge rankings than in the nearly 2 decades before then. Of the 40 teams from the past 10 seasons, 17 of them (42.5%) had QB with a cap charge of under $10M, 14 were under $7.5M (35%), 7 were under $5M (17.5%), and 5 were under $3M (7.5%).
Of course, a counter argument will be that 4 of the past 5 SB winners had QB with cap charges of $20M+ (as did 9 of the past 20 Final Four QB). In that same time frame, there were 10 QB with charges under $10M. In the most recent 5 seasons, there were 7 Top 10 contracts vs. 7 Not Top 20 contracts (out of the 20 teams involved). It appears teams are winning either paying close to the top of the market or nowhere near the top of the market . . . with not many teams in the middle contract range.
There is too much information to post all of it, but if people have questions or are interested other comparisons, let me know and I can try to figure them out and post the results.
Like anything else, a small sample size can skew things. IMO, what Yahoo researched would not hold true going back to the start of the salary cap / free agency era in 1994 (essentially triple the data set they used). Also, I believe there is a correlation to getting to conference games and the SB (ie, Final Four teams . . . not just SB winning teams). That's set is 4 times the data. So 3 x 4 = 12 times the data. Will have to dig into this more in the off season.LINKstill think another correlation is QB pay / salary cap hit. Mahomes and Stafford had big paychecks in the last couple of Super Bowls, but IIRC, other SB winning QBs were generally not at the top of the market. I know people have discussed and debated this, but I will put that on my things to do list to research more thoroughly (if I can dig up the salary data).
...Yahoo Sports compiled and analyzed 10 years of data on quarterback salaries, experience, performance and team success. Using numbers from Spotrac and Football Outsiders, we designed a metric to compare a given quarterback's performance to a salary-based expected performance. We hypothesized that we’d find a strong correlation between that metric — performance relative to salary — and winning.
Instead, we found a relatively weak correlation (R2 = 0.17), and a stronger one (R2 = 0.44) between QB performance alone and team success.
...Super Bowl champ. Of the NFL’s last 10 title winners, six paid their quarterbacks above the league average; four paid below it. ... On average, they paid smack dab in the league’s 50th percentile.
I have since done the research and crunched the numbers. Here's what I did.Using contract data from Spotrac and OverTheCap, I compiled the salary cap data for QB dating back to the start of the salary cap era in 1994. The more recent the season, the more accurate the data is. The past 20 seasons or so are extremely accurate. The seasons before that are mostly accurate (there was less data on backup QB from the 90s). My data set includes ONLY THE SALARY CAP CHARGE DATA of each QB for that particular season FOR QB THAT MADE THE CONFERENCE CHAMPIONSHIP GAMES. Note that means I DID NOT use AAV of contracts, so if a player has a contract that averages $40M a year but in the year he made the Final Four had a $5M cap charge, he is in my spreadsheet at $5M not $40M. Most of the QB mega contracts these days have greatly reduced cap hits early in the contract (when the player raked in tons of bonus money). For example, there have only been 81 instances where a team took a cap hit of $20M+ for a QB. More teams are pushing those cap hits into future cap years. For example, from 2018-2020, there were 44 contracts (roughly 15 per season) that commanded cap hits of $20M+. In 2021, there were 9. In 2022, there were only 7. (As of now, there are 11 for 2023 if teams don't modify them.)
I did not do what Yahoo! did in their research (comparing salary and experience to create a formula for expected performance). What I have is the raw data . . . these teams got as far as they did taking the cap charge they did. One of the reasons I don't totally agree with what Yahoo! did (as I understand it) is they looked at all contracts. I still contend that rookie contracts (or under market QB contracts) are both worth more than value contracts at other positions and also are an integral part of an effective roster building strategy. The logic being, getting premium production from an underpaid QB leaves more money to spend on other positions. Maybe I am confusing what Yahoo! was exploring, but if they considered all rookie QB contracts (for players that ended up on terrible teams), that would drag down the results for the value of a good team with a top QB on a rookie QB. I did not look at all contracts . . . only the ones for the teams that advanced to the conference championship games.
For each team, I considered the QB that carried the highest salary cap hit on the roster (since the team had to account for that player, whether he remained the starter, missed time with injury, was benched, etc.). For example, I used Drew Bledsoe as the QB for the 2001 Patriots (who had the 5th highest cap hit for a QB that season), even though Tom Brady ended up playing the majority of the time. Here were some key takeaways and observations.
- Of the 10 QB that have had salary cap charges of $30M+, only one (10%) has made the Final Four (Mahomes this season).
- Of the 26 QB that have had salary cap charges of $25M+, only four (15%) have made the Final Four (Mahomes 2022, Garoppolo 2021, Brady 2020, Rodgers 2019).
- Of the 81 QB that have had salary cap charges of $20M+, 12 (15%) have made the Final Four. Of those 12, the only players that did it more than once (at a charge of $20M+) were Brady, Rodgers, and Garoppolo.
- The QB with the highest salary cap charge made the Final Four 5 times in 29 seasons (17%).
- QB ranked in the Top 5 for salary cap charges made the Final Four 23 times, meaning a Top 5 QB had a 16% chance of making it.
- QB ranked in the Top 10 for salary cap charges made the Final Four 46 times, meaning a Top 10 QB had also had a 16% chance of making it.
- QB ranked outside of the Top 20 for salary cap charges made the Final Four 24 times, which was once more than players in the Top 5.
- QB ranked outside the Top 40 for salary cap charges made the Final Four 5 times, which was the same as the number of times as the player with the highest cap charge.
- In the past 10 seasons, there were 9 QB ranked in the Top 5 (22.5%) . . . but 12 QB not ranked in the Top 20 (30%).
- In the past 10 seasons, 5 times there were 2 QB NOT ranked in the Top 20 for salary cap hits. That only happened one other time in 19 other seasons.
- In the past 10 seasons, 4 times there was a QB NOT ranked in the Top 40 for salary cap hits. That also only happened once in 19 other seasons.
- Over all 29 seasons, the average salary cap ranking for SB winning QB was 14.9. The average salary cap ranking for SB losing QB was exactly the same (14.9).
- The average salary cap ranking for all QB that lost in the conference championship was marginally better at 14.7.
Total Top 5 QB in Final 4:
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 4
1 QB - 15
0 QB - 10
Total Top 10 QB in Final 4:
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 4 (2016, 2007, 2004, 1994)
2 QB - 12
1 QB - 10
0 QB - 3 (2017, 2010, 2000)
Total Number of QB Not in Top 20:
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 6 (5 in the past 10 seasons)
1 QB - 12
0 QB - 11
Top 5 QB in each Final 4 (2013 - 2022):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 2
1 QB - 5
0 QB - 3
Top 10 QB in each Final 4 (2013 - 2022):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 1
2 QB - 4
1 QB - 4
0 QB - 1
Number of QB Not in Top 20 (2013 - 2022):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 5
1 QB - 2
0 QB - 3
Top 5 QB in each Final 4 (2003 - 2012):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 2
1 QB - 5
0 QB - 3
Top 10 QB in each Final 4 (2003 - 2012):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 2
2 QB - 3
1 QB - 4
0 QB - 1
Number of QB Not in Top 20 (2003 - 2012):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 0
1 QB - 5
0 QB - 0
Top 5 QB in each Final 4 (1994 - 2002):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 0
1 QB - 5
0 QB - 4
Top 10 QB in each Final 4 (1994 - 2002):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 1
2 QB - 5
1 QB - 2
0 QB - 1
Number of QB Not in Top 20 (1994 - 2002):
4 QB - 0
3 QB - 0
2 QB - 1
1 QB - 5
0 QB - 3
The average salary cap hit ranking overall is 14.8 (across 116 teams in 29 seasons). Over the past 10 seasons, the average per season has been: 22.25, 13.25, 19.25, 23, 19.5, 21.5, 8.25, 11.5, 20, and 24.
Based on all of this, it would be a little premature to conclude with certainty that rookie contracts give teams a decided advantage, but on the surface it does appear that in the past 10 years more teams have made the Final 4 with players ranked lower on the cap charge rankings than in the nearly 2 decades before then. Of the 40 teams from the past 10 seasons, 17 of them (42.5%) had QB with a cap charge of under $10M, 14 were under $7.5M (35%), 7 were under $5M (17.5%), and 5 were under $3M (7.5%).
Of course, a counter argument will be that 4 of the past 5 SB winners had QB with cap charges of $20M+ (as did 9 of the past 20 Final Four QB). In that same time frame, there were 10 QB with charges under $10M. In the most recent 5 seasons, there were 7 Top 10 contracts vs. 7 Not Top 20 contracts (out of the 20 teams involved). It appears teams are winning either paying close to the top of the market or nowhere near the top of the market . . . with not many teams in the middle contract range.
There is too much information to post all of it, but if people have questions or are interested other comparisons, let me know and I can try to figure them out and post the results.