Ignoratio Elenchi
Footballguy
Well I'm not sure what you expect - it's not like I'll say, "The answer is three!" and we'll all agree and it will be over. I figured this will involve a series of exchanged ideas, and wanted to let you know not to expect a response from me for a while.I would have thought you could have answered it in as quickly as it took you to write your comment.I wouldn't have answered your question that way, no.I'd be happy to answer your questions but my wife and son just got home and I'm going to spend the afternoon with them. I'll be back on later tonight if you want to give me a probability quiz or something.Do you agree Ignoratio?Probability and "predictive confidence" are equivalent terms. 1/13 is the best prediction I can make about how likely it is that I'll draw an ace from a deck of cards. But the likelihood isn't really 1/13. There's only one card on the top, and that's the one I'm going to draw, and it's either an ace or it's not. So the likelihood is either 1 or 0, but I don't know which it is, so I take a guess based on the information I have available to me. If I get more information, my guess will change.The probability that you drew an ace never changed. Drawing 45 cards never changed the the stated probability of potentially drawing an ace, it only changed your predictive confidence that you did in fact draw an ace.So, you start with a normal deck of 52 well-shuffled cards. You take one and place it face down on the table. What are the "real/true/actual" odds that it's an ace? 1/13.
You leave the card there and look at the next card in the deck. It's not an ace. Then you look at the next. It's not an ace, either. You pull 45 cards, and none of them are aces.
The card you placed face down is still sitting there. What are the "real/true/actual" odds that it's an ace? 1/2.
It's the same card. If 1/13 was the "real" odds that that card was an ace, how did it change to 1/2? You didn't do anything to the card.![]()
*Alluding, and no.But you are eluding that CalBear is in fact wrong?
At the outset of CalBear's scenario, the probability that the top card is an ace is 1/13 (if we make all the normal simplifying assumptions one makes in these types of problems, e.g. it's a normal deck of playing cards, every possible ordering of cards is equiprobable, etc.) After examining the next 44 cards and finding no aces, the probability that your chosen card is an ace has changed to 1/2, as he indicated.
If your point is that he's wrong, and that the probability is still 1/13 after you've looked at the next 44 cards, you're mistaken. Probabilities can change when we gain new information (depending on what the information is and, crucially, how we obtain the information); looking at the next 44 cards in the deck and finding no aces is giving us information we didn't have at the outset, which changes the probability that the card we chose is an ace.
To further address your point, I'd have to ask for a rigorous definition of your phrase "predictive confidence." A lot of people in this thread have been throwing around words ("variable," "odds," etc.) in ways that aren't entirely correct. When you say, "the probability didn't change, just your predictive confidence did," I wonder if you're doing the same kind of thing and just making up a concept that sounds convincing in your head. "Predictive confidence" isn't a totally meaningless phrase, but I'm not sure you're using it correctly here. I'm not ruling out the possibility that you have a point, though, so please feel free to expand on the distinction you're making between "prbability" and "predictive confidence" if you think it would help.
On CalBear's side, I don't necessarily agree with the part where he said, "But the likelihood isn't really 1/13. There's only one card on the top, and that's the one I'm going to draw, and it's either an ace or it's not. So the likelihood is either 1 or 0..." Again, he may be using "likelihood" here in a way that isn't clear to me. Obviously, the card is, in fact, either an ace or it isn't, which seems to be what he means, but I'm not sure how that contributes to the point he was making about probabilities changing. That's why I didn't say he was wrong, necessarily, just that I wouldn't have answered your question the way he did.
Since it involves related concepts, it might help to review a classic: You're on Let's Make A Deal and you facing three doors, one of which conceals a car (the other two have goats). You pick a door. Before opening it, the host of the show opens one of the doors you didn't choose and reveals a goat. He then offers you the opportunity to keep the door you originally chose, or switch to another door. What do you do, and more importantly, why?