Religious Affiliation and Self-Rated Spirituality Decline
The CIRP Freshman Survey has consistently asked students to identify their religious pref erence since 1971, and more students than
ever are selecting “none.” Figure 4 shows that, in 2014, more than one-quarter of incoming
freshmen (27.5%) selected “none,” a one-year increase of 2.9 percentage points from 2013, and
an increase of over 12 percentage points from the 1971 value (15.4%).
In 1971, 17.3% of men and 13.5% of women did not affiliate with any religion. By 2014, those figures had moved
to 30% of men and 25.4% of women selecting “none” as their religious preference. These
gender differences are consistent throughout the 40-year-plus history of the item.
In 1973, a question was introduced asking students about their mother’s and father’s religious preference. In that first year, 6.4% of
students selected “none” for paternal religious preference and 3.1% for maternal religious
preference. By 2014, that had increased to 19% for father and 13.8% for mother. These
parental gender differences were similar to the differences between male and female students.
These numbers correspond with a recent Pew Research Center survey that found that 29% of
Millennials are unaffiliated with any religion, which compares to 21% of Generation Xers,
16% of Baby Boomers, and 9% of the “Silent” Generation (Pew, 2014).
Reviewing the data for faith-based institutions compared to secular institutions, we find that
Catholic four-year and other religious colleges had fewer students overall who selected “none”
as their religious preference (see Figure 5).