SOURCE:
http://www.nflgsis.com/gsis/documentation/stadiumguides/guide_for_statisticians.pdf
KICKOFF RETURNS
If a kickoff is caught by a receiving team player, the spot of his possession is the point at which the impetus of the kickoff ends and he is able to initiate forward progress. This includes the end zone area. For example, if a player catches the kickoff at the 1, runs back to the -2, then advances, the spot of possession is the 1. If a player catches the kickoff at the 1, but retreats to the -2 because the impetus of the kickoff requires him to do so, the spot of possession is the -2. (NOTE, “spot of possession” is defined differently here than in the playing rules.)
A kickoff return begins at the spot where a receiving team player first gains possession of the ball, and then attempts to advance the ball. If a player gains possession and then fumbles the ball, he is considered to have attempted to advance. If no receiving team player attempts to advance the ball (including the case where no receiving team player gains possession), the following rules apply:
(1) If the player who fields an onside kickoff does not attempt to advance the ball, no kickoff return is credited.
(2) If, prior to the receiving team gaining possession of the kickoff, the ball is muffed or touched by a receiver who is trying to gain possession, and the loose ball is recovered by a teammate who does not attempt to advance the ball, then the kickoff return (for 0 yards) begins and ends at the spot of the muff or touch. A fumble is also charged to the player who muffed or touched the ball. Note that if the teammate who recovers the loose ball does attempt to advance the ball, the kickoff return begins at the spot of his possession, and the first player is not charged with a fumble.
(3) If, prior to the receiving team gaining possession of the kickoff, the ball goes out of bounds or is recovered by the kicking team after touching (or having been touched by) a receiving team player, and the first such touching is more than 19 yards from the spot of the kick, the kickoff return (for 0 yards) begins and ends at the spot of the touch. A fumble is also charged to the player on the receiving team who touched (or was touched by) the ball if the ball was recovered by the kicking team. Do not charge a fumble if the ball goes out of bounds before any player gains possession.
(4) If the receiving team gains possession, and Rules 1 and 2 do not apply, the kickoff return begins at the spot where the ball is possessed by the last player on the receiving team to gain possession. (For example, if there is a series of backward passes between players who do not attempt to advance, the return begins at the spot where the last backward pass is received.)
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Note that a kickoff return is credited on any kickoff that is first touched by the receivers more than 19 yards from the spot of the kick.
EXCEPTION: If the receiving team never possesses the ball outside of its own end zone, and the play ends with a touchback, no kickoff return is credited.
The player who begins the kickoff return is the player who is in possession of the ball at the point that the kickoff return begins (as defined by the rules, above.) The kickoff return continues until the play ends, or a player loses possession of the ball unless he recovers his own fumble, or laterals to a teammate. (If a player recovers his own fumble, his yardage continues to accumulate as if the fumble had not occurred, although he is charged with a fumble and credited with a fumble recovery.) The kickoff, therefore, will be returned by a series of one or more runners. Each runner in the series will get kickoff return yardage (possibly 0), but only one of the players will get credited with the kickoff return.
If a runner receives the ball beyond the point where the kickoff return began, or a previous runner has done so, then his yardage is measured from the point at which he receives the ball.
If a runner receives the ball at, or behind, the point where the kickoff return began, and all previous runners have also received the ball at, or behind, this point, then his negative yardage begins at the point he receives the ball, but his positive yardage begins at the point that the kickoff return began. Yardage he gains up to the point where the kickoff return began is applied to reducing the yardage lost by previous runners in the series.
The kickoff return is credited to the first runner in the series who is credited with more than 9 yards. If there is no such player, the return is credited to the first runner in the series who is credited with the maximum yardage gained by any runner, if that number is positive. If there is no such player, the return is credited to the first runner in the series. (This implies that if no runner gains positive yardage, the return goes to the first runner in the series.)
Example I: Kickoff bounces off hands or leg of receiver on his own 20, and rolls out of bounds at 22 before any player from either team gains possession. Scoring: one kickoff return for no yards, since the first touching of the kickoff was more than 20 yards from the kickoff spot.
Example II: Kickoff receiver muffs ball at his own 12, and it rolls forward. He recovers at the 16, and returns to midfield. Scoring: a 34-yard kickoff return; the yardage is computed from the spot of possession, not the spot of first touching. No fumble is charged.
Example III: A player receives a kickoff on the 20, does not attempt to advance, but laterals to a teammate on the 15, who then advances to the 17. The first player is not credited with a kickoff return or yardage, but his teammate is credited with one return for 2 yards.
Example IV: A player receives the kickoff on the 20, does not attempt to advance, but laterals to a teammate on the 15. The teammate then retreats and is tackled on the 12. The first player is not credited with a return, but the teammate is credited with one return for MINUS 3 yards.
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Example V: A player receives the kickoff on the 20 and then runs laterally across the field and hands off to a teammate on the 18. The teammate returns to the 25 and is credited with one return for 7 yards.
Example VI: A player receives the kickoff on the 20, then advances to the 22 before lateralling to a teammate on the 15. The teammate is tackled on the 17. The first player is credited with one kickoff return for MINUS 3 yards and second player is not credited with a return or yardage.
Example VII: A player receives a kickoff on the 20, then advances to the 22 before handing off to a teammate. The teammate then runs to the 30. In this instance, the first player is credited with no return for 2 yards and the second player one return for 8 yards.
Example VIII: A player receives a kickoff on the 20, then advances to the 22 before handing off to a teammate, who then retreats and is tackled on the 19. The first player is credited with one kickoff return for 2 yards and the second player with no kickoff return with MINUS 3 yards
Example IX: A player receives a kickoff on the 20, does not attempt to advance, but laterals to a teammate on the 15, who then retreats (trying to advance the ball) and laterals to a teammate at the 10 who is tackled at the 12. The second player gets a return for -3 yards.
Example X: A player receives a kickoff on the 20, does not attempt to advance, but laterals to a teammate on the 22, who then retreats (trying to advance the ball) and laterals to a teammate at the 15 who is tackled at the 10. The second player gets a return for -7 yards. The third player gets -5 yards. (No player gained positive yardage, so the return goes to the first player in the series.)
Example XI: A player receives a kickoff on the 20, tries to advance the ball and then laterals to a teammate on the 15, who laterals to a teammate at the 10 who is tackled at the 18. The first player gets a -2 yard return. (Yards gained by the third player before the point where the kickoff return began is used to cancel yardage lost be the first two players.)
Example XII: A player receives a kickoff on the 20, tries to advance and then laterals to a teammate on the 15, who laterals to a teammate at the 10 who laterals to a teammate at the 25 who is tackled at the 32. The third player gets 5 kickoff return yards; the fourth player gets a 7 yard kickoff return.
Example XIII: Kickoff receiver muffs ball at his own 12, and it rolls forward. He recovers at the 16, but makes no attempt to advance, just covers up the ball. Scoring: a 0-yard kickoff return; the yardage is computed from the spot of possession, not the spot of first touching. No fumble is charged because the player recovered the ball himself and the ball rolled forward.
EXCEPTION: (This applies to punt returns as well) On the final play of a game, if the receiving team laterals the ball several (more than once) times in a last ditch effort to score, kick return statistics should be scored as follows:
1. If the play ends beyond the spot of the first possession, credit the player who gained the most positive yardage with the return and yards gained to the spot where the play ends. Exception: If a return man scores but does not have the majority return yards, credit the player with the majority
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return yards with a return and yards to the point where the scorer received the ball. The scorer gets his actual return yards but no return.
2. If the play ends behind the spot of the first possession, give the last player to handle the ball a return for no yards.
3. If there is a fumble on the play and loss of possession behind the first spot of possession, give the last player who touched the ball a return, a fumble, and no yards. If the fumble occurs beyond the first spot of possession, credit the last player who had possession with a fumble. Apply rule 1 above to determine who gets the return and yardage.
4. If there is a penalty on the play (i.e. illegal forward pass) and the penalty is behind the first spot of possession, give the last player who incurred the penalty a return for no yards. If the penalty occurs beyond the spot of the first possession, apply rule 1 to determine who gets the return and yardage.
For fumbles on kickoff returns, see Fumbles section, p. 33.
The general provisions for scoring a fair catch, which appear in the Punt Returns section, also apply to kickoff returns.