Where are you taking your light meter readings before you compose a picture like this? Point at the sky?
In pictures like this I use the Canon spot meter mode and aim it at what I consider to be the most important element of the image and use that as a starting point. In this image, IIRC, I targeted the end of the bluff that begins in the far left of the image about 1/2 way down and extends out towards the middle of the image. I then bracket the heck out of the shot (e.g. perhaps I am shooting at f8 and I will bracket the shot at 1/1000, 1/500, and 1/250). I generally will bracket the shot in 1/3 stop increments from -3 stops to +1 stop. I shoot mostly Aperture Preferred because shutter speed is not of great importance when shooting with the camera mounted on a tripod, I am more concerned with depth of field being what I want. It would not be unusual for me to take 18 - 36 bracketed shots of this from one tripod mounted point. I might then change the aperture (to change the depth of field) and repeat the process. I might then move the tripod up/down or left right and repeat the process. It sounds cumbersome but I can do a set of 18 - 36 shots in 1 to 2 minutes.If the lighting is good I will usually find a single good exposure that is nearly 100% accurate and use that. If the lighting is harsh (as it was in this image) I will create a High Dynamic Range image, using Photoshop and Photomatix, that merges 3 or more of the bracketed shots into one shot that preserves both the highlights and shadows.
Just a note for those that are wondering. I do not consider my work as a documentary style photography. I will massage the images in Photoshop to achieve the effect (color, sharpeness, vignetting etc.) that I want. I don't do a lot of cutting something from one image and pasting it another but I will do so if I find it interesting. I consider this an artistic endeavor, not out of the camera documentary, even though I don't consider myself to be much of an artist.