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Rosetta spacecraft achieves orbit with comet 67P (1 Viewer)

I take it that it wasn't supposed to bounce. What caused this? Miscalculation of something?
The harpoon did not work. The article linked above said that the surface is also like that of a trampoline rather than rock.
it did?

I thought it was a question of relative gravitational pull (slight), not surface quality, that made it bounce as much as it did. No?
The Daily Mail article linked above said: "Scientists described the ground as being more like a 'trampoline' than rock, owing to its soft and powdery texture, which may have caused the unsteady landing of the probe."

 
I take it that it wasn't supposed to bounce. What caused this? Miscalculation of something?
The harpoon did not work. The article linked above said that the surface is also like that of a trampoline rather than rock.
it did?

I thought it was a question of relative gravitational pull (slight), not surface quality, that made it bounce as much as it did. No?
The Daily Mail article linked above said: "Scientists described the ground as being more like a 'trampoline' than rock, owing to its soft and powdery texture, which may have caused the unsteady landing of the probe."
Maybe they should have dropped a bowling ball first to test it.

 
I take it that it wasn't supposed to bounce. What caused this? Miscalculation of something?
The harpoon did not work. The article linked above said that the surface is also like that of a trampoline rather than rock.
it did?

I thought it was a question of relative gravitational pull (slight), not surface quality, that made it bounce as much as it did. No?
The Daily Mail article linked above said: "Scientists described the ground as being more like a 'trampoline' than rock, owing to its soft and powdery texture, which may have caused the unsteady landing of the probe."
Maybe they should have dropped a bowling ball first to test it.
Learn something new every time.

 
Would love to see a probe sent to Europa next. Find out if there really is a sub-surface ocean
http://www.iflscience.com/space/nasa-receive-significantly-more-money-it-asked-next-year

In the past, it has seemed that NASA often drew the short straw when it came to budget allocations. But it turns out that they were in for a nice surprise this year when the House of Representatives passed its $1.1 trillion spending, or “CRomnibus,” bill last Thursday. The federal space agency will be getting a much appreciated 2% rise from next year, receiving a respectable $18.01 billion.

This very generous figure is actually around $550 million more than the President’s request for 2015, and $364 million more than NASA received last year. Impressively, the increases that various space programs will be receiving come without slashing others.

Among those feeling flush is the planetary sciences division, which will receive $1.44 billion; $160 million more than originally requested and tantalizingly close to the $1.5 billion recommended by The Planetary Society. This money will help kickstart design efforts for the Mars 2020 rover and will also see the continued support of other space probes, such as the Red Planet’s Opportunity rover that’s been exploring since 2004 and the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter.

Of special note within the allocation for planetary science is the proposed mission to Jupiter’s icy moon Europa, which will be getting a boost of $118 million. That’s almost 700% more than the $15 million requested. Although this mission is not yet in existence, the small amount originally requested in the President’s budget was to study low-cost concepts. Although $118 million won’t get us to the satellite, which is thought to be the most likely candidate to host alien life in our solar system, it’s certainly more than a kick in the teeth and will help lay the groundwork for the ambitious project.

Other worthy winners are human spaceflight endeavors, comprising the combination of the Space Launch System rocket and Orion crew capsule, which will receive a grand total of $2.9 billion, almost 20% more than the total requested. The astrophysics division has also been given an impressive $685 million, which will sustain the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) program. This project uses a modified Boeing 747 with an IR telescope to peer into space from the stratosphere.

A few divisions were also inevitably stung by cuts, such as Space Technology Development which is due to be allocated $109 million less than requested. However, that’s still an increase from the amount allocated last year, which is a step in the right direction.

Overall, this is certainly a winning situation for NASA, which will lead to more space science and ultimately a better understanding of the universe we live in.

 
Claudia Alexander, who is in charge of this project for NASA, was one of my late mother's closest friends. After seeing her on the front page of the Los Angeles Times, I just sent her an email wishing her well.

She is a delightful woman. At a family Passover dinner a few years ago my brother, who is a Tea Party conservative, made some comments about how global warming was a liberal fraud. She politely tore him to shreds, stating facts and asking simple questions he couldn't answer. It was awesome .
that's great!
 
There was also data from 67P that indicate that water on earth may not have come from comets as heavier hydrogen molecules like deuterium and tritium were far more prevalent on the comet than on earth.

And even in colour photographs 67P is still grey

 
LONDON, ENGLAND (CNN) - Could life on Earth have been kick-started by a comet strike? A startling discovery by the Rosetta comet-chasing mission has added fresh evidence to suggest that it is possible.

The European Space Agency (ESA), which is leading a consortium that includes NASA, announced that the mission to explore Comet 67P has discovered 16 organic compounds, described as "carbon and nitrogen-rich."

The agency says on its website that the discovery, made by the Philae lander, includes four compounds that have never before been detected in comets.

And it adds that some of the compounds "play a key role in the prebiotic synthesis of amino acids, sugars ... the ingredients for life."

"For example, formaldehyde is implicated in the formation of ribose, which, ultimately features in molecules like DNA.

"The existence of such complex molecules in a comet, a relic of the early Solar System, imply that chemical processes at work during that time could have played a key role in fostering the formation of prebiotic material," it says.

Commenting on the findings, lander system engineer Laurence O'Rourke told CNN it was an important discovery.

"If you apply energy to such organic compounds ... like a comet hitting a planet ... it could lead to the creation of amino acids which make up proteins, which are the basis of life itself," he said.

The Philae lander has tantalized mission watchers ever since it bounced across the surface of 67P in November 2014. It was able to take measurements in two locations -- once on hitting the surface, and again when it came to rest under a cliff.

The bounce turned out to be a happy accident, as Philae was protected from the scorching sun. In the first hours of its mission, Philae returned the data that has proved to be so exciting.

Although contact was later lost when it ran out of power, the probe came back to life and transmitted a signal to the Rosetta orbiter when enough sunlight fell on its solar panels to revive it.

Project scientists knew there were problems with the probe's transmitters, and contact was lost again in early July. But O'Rourke says that Philae is a "robust machine" and there is hope of getting a new signal.

"There's no way we can say the lander is dead," he said.

The mission is now approaching an important landmark called perihelion, the point in its orbit where the comet is closest to the sun. Comet 67P and its accompanying spacecraft are traveling at nearly 75,000 miles per hour and will come closest to the sun on August 13 before it swings around and begins its outward journey once again. This comet returns every 6.5 years.

As the comet approaches the sun, increasing solar energy warms up frozen ice, turning it to vapor. The European Space Agency's website explains that the gases drag away the comet's dust, appearing as a tail extending sometimes hundreds of thousands of miles into space.

"Perihelion is an important milestone in any comet's calendar, and even more so for the Rosetta mission because this will be the first time a spacecraft has been following a comet from close quarters as it moves through this phase of its journey around the Solar System," Matt Taylor, an ESA Rosetta project scientist, said on the mission website.

The mission has now been extended to September of next year, when the Rosetta orbiter will most likely land on the surface of the comet, the ESA says.
 
RIP, Philae


Earth bid a final farewell to robot lab Philae on Wednesday, severing communications after a year-long silence from the pioneering probe hurtling through space on a comet.
 
Writing an extraordinary chapter in space history, the washing machine-sized craft was the first to land on a comet—primeval rubble from the formation of the Solar System.

Philae sent home reams of data garnered from sniffing, tasting and prodding its new alien home hundreds of millions of kilometres (miles) from Earth.

Its plucky exploits captured the imagination of children, and many adults, who followed its successes and tribulations via Twitter and an animated cartoon series.

But after more than 12 months without news, it was decided to preserve all remaining energy available to Philae's orbiting mothership Rosetta, the European Space Agency (ESA) announced in a blog entitled: "Farewell, silent Philae".

Rosetta will remain in orbit around comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko for another two months.

It will crashland on September 30 to join Philae in their final resting place, concluding an historic quest for cometary clues to the origins of life on Earth.

"Today communication with Philae was stopped," Andreas Schuetz of German space agency DLR told AFP from ground control in Cologne on Wednesday.

"This is the end of a... fascinating and successful mission for the public and for science."

Part of a 1.3-billion-euro ($1.4-billion) ESA mission, Philae was launched into space in March 2004, riding piggyback on Rosetta.

The pair travelled some 6.5 billion km (four billion miles)—aided by gravity boosts from Earth and Mars—before entering 67P's orbit in August 2014.

Three months later, Rosetta sent the 100-kilogramme (220-pound) probe down to the comet surface—starting a nail-biting deep-space saga.

Philae's harpoons failed to fire into the comet surface, and it bounced several times.

Abandoning hope

The tiny robot ended up in a ditch shadowed from the Sun's battery-replenishing rays, but managed to run about 60 hours of experiments and send home valuable data before entering standby mode.

As 67P neared the Sun on its elongated orbit, Philae got a battery boost and emerged from hibernation in June 2015, sending a two-minute message via Rosetta, eliciting great excitement on Earth.

But after eight intermittent communications, the lander fell permanently silent on July 9, 2015.

Rosetta has continued to monitor the comet, but without catching sight of its long-lost charge, even from as close as 10 km away.

In February, ground controllers said they believed Philae was in eternal hibernation—though they opted to keep an ear open just in case.

Wednesday's final break, at 0900 GMT, means "abandoning all hope of receiving anything more from Philae," said Philippe Gaudon of France's CNES space agency.

"It's time for me to say goodbye," said Philae's Twitter account, announcing communications "will be switched off forever..."

As the comet moves further and further away from the Sun—some 520 million km by end July—Rosetta needs to save energy for her final weeks.

"We need to maximise the power available to Rosetta's scientific instruments, and thus had no choice but to turn off the ESS," ESA senior science advisor Mark McCaughrean told AFP.

The ESS is the Electrical Support System on board Rosetta, used to send home the results of Philae's science experiments and status reports.

"The power will only dwindle further, and so now the focus turns fully to Rosetta, whose amazingly succesful scientific mission will come to an end on 30 September," said McCaughrean.

"Everyone involved will be extremely sad, of course, but equally enormously proud of what has been achieved by this unique space mission."

Scientists will be busy for years analysing the data sent back by Philae and Rosetta.

Comets are deemed to be balls of primitive dust and ice left from the early years of the Solar System.

Their makeup interests scientists who speculate that comets may have seeded Earth—possibly other planets as well—with the ingredients for life.

Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2016-07-goodbye-philae-earth-severs-link.html#jCp

 
and what if the crash of Rosetta sends the comet off it's current orbit, and ultimately slamming into earth? what then!?

 

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