Those who follow me here on Quora will be aware that I write on quite a wide range of topics — many in healthcare or politics, but also some in “knowledge, wisdom, and understanding”. What follows here is something I posted this morning in a totally different context, that is backed by extensive published work. For members of this group, it is a “think piece” about investment, banking, and the day to day economy of your country and all others. If you are well enough off to have investments other than your home, you might want to talk with a financial adviser about the summary I offer below:
The world economic system is vastly over-leveraged. It is arguably teetering on the edge of collapse due to the lack of fiscal discipline among all governments.
I find it entirely believable that in your lifetimes and maybe in mine, we will see a major retrenchment and economic collapse. Such a process would be characterized by disappearance of a large fraction of world economic “wealth” held as bonds (debt instruments), in a matter of days or weeks.
Based on recent data, the global wealth held in bonds significantly exceeds that held in stocks. Global bonds total approximately $139 trillion (57% of the world investable portfolio), while global equities amount to about $81 trillion (34%). This means that bonds represent a larger portion of the world's financial assets compared to stocks. The total size of the global investable portfolio is estimated at around $241 trillion, encompassing various asset classes including equities, bonds, and alternatives.
The bond market's dominance is further emphasized by the fact that in many countries, the value of bonds exceeds that of equities by a considerable margin. For instance: In the United States, total debt issued ($54.5 trillion) slightly exceeds total equities ($50.7 trillion). Japan has $10.8 trillion in bonds compared to $4.9 trillion in equities.The United Kingdom holds $5.5 trillion in bonds versus $2.85 trillion in equities. China's bond market is particularly large at $21.6 trillion, dwarfing its $1.9 trillion equity
http://market.
In a global retrenchment we might see what is sometimes called “disintermediation” in a sense that is quite new to the experience of most investors. All markets are administered by what are called “market makers” — financial institutions or individuals that play a crucial role in financial markets by providing liquidity and facilitating trade. They actively quote both bid (buy) and ask (sell) prices for securities, along with the market size of each, throughout the trading day.
Market makers are typically large banks, brokerage firms, or specialized trading firms. They are obligated to maintain a two-sided market, meaning they must be ready to buy or sell securities at their quoted prices. This commitment ensures the ongoing functionality of financial markets.
However, when governments are unable to cover or fund the “values” of their own bonds, then market makers may lack the data required to establish prices. This can lead to a collapse of markets.
Major bond markets have experienced significant collapses in the past. Two notable examples stand out:
The 1994 Bond Market Crisis. Also known as the "Great Bond Massacre," this event saw a sudden drop in bond market prices across the developed world. Starting in Japan and the United States, it spread globally, resulting in approximately $1.5 trillion in lost market value worldwide. Key features of this crisis included:
- It began after the Federal Reserve raised interest rates by 25 basis points in February 1994 to counter National Inflation Association
- Treasury bonds with 20-year terms saw price declines of 20.5%.
- The total market value lost by domestic bonds in the US was about 10% between January 1 and November 15, 1994.
Second: The Recent Bond Market Selloff (2020-2023)
This ongoing selloff has been described as one of the worst in history:
- Treasury bonds with maturities of 10 years or more have plummeted 46% since March 2020.
- The 30-year bond has plunged 53% in the same period.
This collapse is nearly as severe as stock market losses during major crashes, such as the 49% drop after the dot-com bubble burst. It's considered the largest bond market selloff in 40 years, exceeding those seen in 1994, 2003, and 2013.
These events demonstrate that while bond markets are generally considered more stable than stock markets, they are not immune to significant collapses, especially during periods of rapid interest rate changes or economic uncertainty. If you rely on income from investments to supplement your social security, then you might want to spend a little money for an hour of the time of a Chartered Financial Advisor, to reconsider how your investments are held.