Lawrence v. Texas,
539 U.S. 558 (2003),
[1] is a
landmark decision by the
United States Supreme Court. In the 6–3 ruling, the Court struck down the
sodomy law in
Texas and,
by extension, invalidated sodomy laws in thirteen other states, making same-sex sexual activity legal in every U.S. state and territory. The Court overturned its previous ruling on the same issue in the 1986 case
Bowers v. Hardwick, where it upheld a challenged
Georgia statute and did not find a
constitutional protection of sexual privacy.
Lawrence explicitly overruled
Bowers, holding that it had viewed the liberty interest too narrowly. The Court held that intimate consensual sexual conduct was part of the liberty protected by
substantive due process under the
Fourteenth Amendment.
Lawrence invalidated similar laws throughout the United States that criminalized sodomy between
consenting adults acting in private, whatever the sex of the participants.
[2]