I can’t get behind unity as an American value. As a nation we’ve been unified twice in our history: right after Pearl Harbor and right after 9/11. And in each case not for very long before we started griping with each other again.
But- are there shared values that most Americans have? I think there are. I don’t have a list but off the top of my head:
1. Freedom of speech.
2. Belief in the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, and the rule of law.
3. The concept of America as the “city on the hill”, a new place, a refuge from the rest of the world where immigrants are generally welcome and where all are equal before the law.
4. A general belief in the virtues of capitalism- that if you work hard enough and smart enough you can do well for yourself, at least financially, no matter what your background is.
5. A rather vague and undefined libertarian belief that if you’re not harming anybody else the government should leave you alone.
I think most Americans, including most newcomers to America, generally believe in these principles.
Your list supports my point that there are no shared universal values.
Going through each point:
1. The last few years have been riddled with battles over what speech is allowable on college campuses and online. Studies have shown that younger generations are not holding free speech in as high regard as older generations if they consider that speech offensive.
2. Americans don’t place the same value on the Constitution. Some believe it’s an invalid document from the start because it disenfranchised non-whites. Some think the Electoral College outlined in the Constitution must be abolished. Some people think the Constitution is a living document. Some think it’s a dormant, clearly defined set of rules. Some think the 2nd Amendment applies only to militias. Others think it applies to individuals. And so on, and so on.
3. Some people believe in American exceptionalism, others do not. Some people believe America should take in an endless supply of migrants, others do not.
4. Studies show a growing number of Americans stating a preference for socialism over capitalism. Plenty of Americans don’t believe that there’s the social mobility today for most Americans to live the American Dream.
5. We’re seeing more Americans strike out against other Americans online, verbally, and even physically for simply holding differing beliefs, and encouraging businesses and the government t to do the same. That’s not a Libertarian belief that you should be left alone if you’re not actively harming someone.
So while most Americans may hold the values you listed, I don’t think they’re anywhere close to being universal. More like just the majority position in most instances.