Yes Jesus Existed. He's either flat out lying or he obviously doesn't know history.
Early Secular Writings Regarding Christ By The Historians Of His Day And Shortly Thereafter:
http://www.nelsonprice.com/early-secular-writings-regarding-christ/
http://www.richardcarrier.info/archives/12334
No Jewish or Roman historical text contains any reference to Jesus for at least sixty years. That’s more than “a few decades.” And one text, two average lifetimes after the fact, is far from “widespread.” And that reference, in the Antiquities of Josephus, is widely recognized as a forgery. And indeed, quite demonstrably is a forgery, down to every last word (see OHJ, Ch. 8.9). The second reference in Josephus that Gathercole mentions was also not written by Josephus but inserted centuries later (as the latest peer reviewed literature demonstrates: see my Journal of Early Christian Studies article on it, reproduced in Hitler Homer Bible Christ, and summarized in OHJ, Ch. 8.10).
We have to wait twenty more years before we get any other reference to Jesus as a historical person, in the Annals of Tacitus (contrary to Gathercole, Pliny, Tacitus’s friend and contemporary, never refers to Jesus as a historical person). And that reference is probably also a forgery (as the latest peer reviewed literature demonstrates: see my Vigiliae Christianae article on it, reproduced in Hitler Homer Bible Christ, and summarized in OHJ, Ch. 8.10). But even if it isn’t (indeed even if the reference in Josephus isn’t), neither of those references has any indicated source but Christian hearsay, which by then was just aping the Gospels. Consequently, neither of these sources can corroborate the Gospels. They are not an independent source. It is incompetent (or dishonest) of a historian to cite sources that aren’t independent as if they were multiple or independent sources.
No non-Christian ever noticed Jesus, or ever found any record of him outside the Gospels.
Including Josephus and Tacitus. Even if anything in them about Jesus were authentic.
That’s a problem. Although it’s not a huge problem—if we accept the Gospels all lie about how famous Jesus was, and thus conclude against their wild narratives that Jesus was actually a nobody, then it’s entirely expected no one would notice him in the literature of the era. The real problem for the historicity of Jesus is the absence of any reference to Jesus visiting earth in the earliest Christian documents. Because those “dozens of Christian writings” Gathercole refers to, are just the Gospels, which are wholly mythical and absurd and unsourced and a lifetime too late (OHJ, Chs. 8 & 9), and the Epistles, most of which are forgeries (a fact concealed by Gathercole)—and those that aren’t, never place Jesus on earth. They only describe him as someone seen in visions, and known about from hidden messages in scripture and communications from heaven (OHJ, Ch. 11).
Wow, so I finished the Carrier book I was reading ("On the Historicity of Jesus") and have started "Nailed" by David Fitzgerald. I wanted to come back and go through the Nelson Price list posted above by Paddington, after educating myself on this topic. I'm nearly finished summarizing my thoughts, but my response above, quoting Carrier, is already a great summary. I shared that almost 2 months ago, but I still felt the need to research further and to go through Price's list of secular references, one by one, to see if there was anything there to challenge my growing suspicion that Jesus Christ really was just a mythical legend, not a real man. I guess I like to question things, and dig into the evidence myself. Shocking from an atheist, right?
Anyway, here is a summary of where I'm at after reading these books (my detailed rebuttal of Price's list to follow in a subsequent post):
Bottom line: we can’t really know for sure either way whether Jesus was an actual historical person or just a mythical creation. We simply do not have sufficient evidence to prove it either way. And, why do we have such a lack of evidence?
- Some evidence, that should be there, is just flat out missing:
Some was destroyed, because it didn't gel with the prevailing theology of the time. To the victors go the spoils. Anything else is heresy.
- Some was lost or forgotten, for much of the same reason. If it didn't corroborate the popular narrative, why keep it?
- Christians were indeed persecuted. That, along with numerous famines from the 60s to the 90s, left a 30+ year dark age in the history of Christianity where we just don't have good historical record of how the church (and it's teachings) evolved.
- Forgeries. There are countless examples of people doctoring the record to suit their needs, both within the Bible itself, and in secular writings. This should tell you something about how desperate early Christians were to prove their case, given how lacking the evidence already was in their time. They would hold on to any scrap of evidence they could to support their claims, and often embellish it further, or flat out make #### up (which makes the overall lack of resulting "evidence" all the more damning).
But, what about the evidence we do have? Basically, it's the Bible and then the stuff in Price's list. As I said, I'll summarize my thoughts on Price's list later, but for now, David Fitzgerald says it best in his book, “Nailed”:
It bears repeating that the first problem with all the so-called “historical eyewitnesses” to Jesus is that none of them were around during the alleged time of Christ – or even close. Though the Gospels paint a picture of Jesus’ fame spreading far and wide thanks to his miraculous deeds and teachings, the many historians who composed the abundant historical record of the time have absolutely nothing to say about the first century’s allegedly most notable personality.
We do have accounts concerning all manner of false miracle-workers and failed messiahs. How could the historians manage to write detailed accounts about all these much less interesting losers and fail to notice the one man who was the real deal? Could everyone outside his cult have missed everything he did and said?
Decades and decades roll on without Jesus leaving a trace in the historical record of the Jews, neighboring kingdoms and provinces, the Romans, or the Greeks. By the second century there is only a handful of tiny scraps and snippets that are supposed to be testimony to the historical reality of this world-shaking Jesus figure. And even this late, we still aren’t finding comments of Jesus’ life or deeds or teachings - this handful of “historical confirmation” turns out to be simply stray remarks (usually in passing) from pagan commentators about Christians and their beliefs in the second century.
Even the second century (and later!) Church fathers seem to show astounding ignorance about the basic facts of their own savior’s life until after the Gospels begin to circulate. Only after that do we start to hear Christians bragging about their connections to Jesus’ disciples, though these can all be shown to be fabrications. Late second century Christian leaders used claims like these to aggressively assert their own authority over rivals, so their motives are far from pure to begin with.
Fitzgerald also provides a rough timeline of these so-called eyewitnesses. I’ve summarized below, and added in the dates of the Biblical sources as well:
- 0 – 33: Jesus
- 0 – 94: Secular silence – nothing written about Jesus, outside of the Bible. From the Bible, we get:
50’s: Paul’s epistles. Paul never claims to have met Jesus, only to have seen him in visions
- 70’s: Mark
- 80’s: Matthew, plagiarized Mark
- 90’s: Luke, plagiarized both Mark & Matthew
- 100’s: John, plagiarized all three
[*]94: Josephus
[*]95: Clement of Rome
[*]110: Ignatius of Antioch
[*]112: Pliny the Younger & Suetonius
[*]117: Tacitus
[*]135: Polycarp
[*]140’s: Thallus & Phlegon
[*]150: Justin Martyr
[*]150’s: Mara Bar-Serapion?
[*]170: Lucian
[*]175: Clement of Alexandria
[*]200: Tertullian & probably Hippolytus
[*]225: Origen
[*]250: Cyprian of Carthage
[*]300: Eusebius
Not all that impressive. It's seems possible, if not likely, that it all went down like this: a sect of Jews, struggling with their occupation by the Romans and subsequent failing of the temple cult, invented a splinter cult that focused on revelation from Old Testament scripture about the coming savior, Christ. A mythical archangel. Paul seized on this, and preached it, claiming to have knowledge from hallucinated visions of the savior, Christ. When the Jewish temple fell (~70 c.e.), Paul's theology became all the more attractive, since the temple was gone and the temple cult with it. As this new salvation cult grew, the idea of placing the savior Christ in history became a natural device for recruiting more and more followers. The Gospel narrative has many similarities with other mythologies, and no basis in historical record. So, in the end, we simply can't say if this is pure mythology or there's some lost history behind it all.
To be continued...