For those of us who have no idea what you're talking about, what is the Texas social media law under discussion and how did the court rule on it?
The background is that Texas put this law in place last fall, a reaction to the perception that social media platforms are treating right-wingers unfairly, like banning Trump and others from Twitter.
Here's the law:
TX HB20
It prohibits social media platforms with at least 50 million active users from blocking, removing, or “demonetizing” content based on the users’ views. When Texas Gov. Greg Abbott signed the law last September, he declared that “conservative viewpoints in Texas cannot be banned on social media.”
Several social media interests filed suit in federal court in Texas, and asked the Court to put a "stay" on enforcement of the law pending the outcome of the lawsuit. The judge agreed and entered an order staying enforcement of the law. This judge's order is a good source of background on the law -
here. Texas appealed the stay order, and a judge in the 5th Circuit Court of Appeals reversed last month, allowing the law to go into effect. The Court of Appeals' decision is one sentence -
IT IS ORDERED that appellant’s opposed motion to stay preliminary injunction pending appeal is GRANTED. What's happened at this point is that the Court of Appeals has stayed the District Court's stay order, at which point the case goes back to the District Court to be litigated, and Texas is free to enforce the law while the lawsuit is pending.
The social media plaintiffs appealed to the SCOTUS last month, asking it to vacate the stay entered by the Court of Appeals. The SCOTUS agreed to hear the case, and ordered that the Court of Appeals Order staying the District Court's order should itself be stayed, thereby effectively re-instituting the lower court's stay order. As is common with these shadow docket rulings, there is no majority opinion written, but the dissents sometimes write something as Alito did in this case. (
here) This is typically the only way anyone outside the Court knows the voting breakdown on these orders - if a dissent is published and justices join in it. In this case, Kagan decided to separately note she would not grant the petition, but did not join Alito's dissent. That's a completely voluntary thing for her to do - should could have just left everyone in the dark as to who the 4th dissenting justice is. This all means that the Texas law will not be enforced while the underlying challenge is litigated. Whatever the outcome of that case will then prevail, and possibly be appealed.
I agree with
@Fish that Kagan's dissent likely is based on her opposition to the increasingly activist "shadow docket" rulings. The Court is becoming increasingly active in ruling on these emergency appeals, seeking orders (rather than opinions in cases that are actually on the Court's docket.) The common perception, for obvious reasons, is that the justices rulings on these procedural orders foreshadows how they will ultimately rule if/when the constitutionality of the law is before them on appeal - likely 2 or so years from now.