Last wk's Tidbits showed
HOW Achtung Baby got it's name. It also listed some of the alternate titles considered for the album.
In this week's
U2 Tidbits, let's stay with the Achtung Baby album & look at the recording & release of it.
But did you know
the Album Cover Artwork included a Controversial Nude Photo of one of the bandmembers?
(
I didn't know about it until recently stumbling across it for this thread)
Recording:
Achtung Baby (their 7th album) was produced by Danny Lanois (primary producer) & Brian Eno.......w/ Mark Ellis (aka Flood) returning as the engineer for the album. Eno worked w the band for a wk at a time, before leaving for a mth or more at a time. After criticism of their 1988 release R&H, U2 wanted to shift their musical direction & decided to record in Berlin & arrived in the city on October 3, 1990 on the last flight into East Berlin on the eve of the reunification of Germany. (While looking for public celebrations that night, they mistakenly ended up joining an anti-unification protest by Communists.)
They would begin recording in the famed Hansa Studios, where many including David Bowie & Iggy Pop had recorded. Expecting to be inspired, U2 instead found the city to be depressing & gloomy. The band found their East Berlin hotel to be dismal & the winter inhospitable, while the location of
Hansa's Studio 2 was a former SS ballroom, the Meistersaal, which added to the "bad vibe".
The band struggled during these early recording sessions, & were quite divided on a direction to take the album. Bono & The Edge (who had been listening to EDM) advocated for new musical directions along these lines & were working more closely together, writing material without the rest of the group. In contrast, Mullen was listening to classic rock acts, & he & Adam were more comfortable w a sound similar to U2's previous work & was resistant to the proposed innovations. Furthermore, Edge's interest in dance club mixes & drum machines made Mullen feel that his contributions as a drummer were being diminished.
Progress was extremely slow to come up w any completed songs during these sessions, & often would approach the same song over & over again hoping to get somewhere.
Bono & Lanois, in particular, had an argument that almost came to blows during the writing of "Mysterious Ways". During 1 tense session, Clayton removed his bass guitar & held it out to Bono, saying, "You tell me what to play & I'll play it. You want to play it yourself? Go ahead."
With a sense of going nowhere, the band considered breaking up & then a breakthrough was reached when Bono improvises a line “We’re one, but we’re not the same – we get to carry each other, carry each other”. It begins to gel, & within a few hrs the song “One” is born. It becomes the centerpiece & brings w it some confidence that all are on the right track.
The birth of ONE in Hansa Studios, Berlin
U2 returned to Dublin before Christmas where they had an opportunity to listen to the material they had recorded in Berlin. They agreed that there was promise in the material, & they
made a brief return to Hansa in Jan 1991 to finish up some recordings.
While only 2 completed songs came out of the work in Berlin, the sessions had been productive with multiple demos that still needed work.
(this is probably the point in time when demo tapes got out & into the hands of bootleggers & were subsequently distributed over the next couple of mths)
In Feb 1991, U2 relocated to record in a seaside home located just outside Dublin (& w/in walking distance of Bono's & Edge's homes). Like the recordings in Slane Castle for TUF & in the bands homes for TJT, the move was an attempt to bring some atmosphere that Lanois felt couldn’t be found in studio. The band struggled during these sessions w a song called “Lady With the Spinning Head”
(#75 on our FBG ranking list) but that work would eventually produce “The Fly”, “Ultraviolet (Light My Way)” & “Zoo Station”. Towards the end of the sessions,
Eno returned to the Dublin sessions & was horrified w what he heard, calling it "a total disaster". He worked w the band over the next # of wks to strip out some of the overdubbing that had been added to tracks. Theorizing that the band was too close to their music, he even insisted they take a 2 wk holiday despite the recording deadline was at a crisis point & only 1 month away. Eno on his role: "to come in & erase anything that sounded too much like U2". By distancing himself fr the work, he believed he provided the band w a fresh perspective on their material each time he rejoined them. "I would deliberately not listen to the stuff in between visits, so I could go in cold".
Song lineup from Dublin studio
In July 1991, the band moved to Windmill Lane Studios for final mixing of the tracks where Eno, Flood, Lanois, & previous U2 producer Steve Lillywhite mixed the tracks. Each producer created his own mixes of the songs, & the band picked the version they preferred or requested that certain parts to be combined. Recording continued right up to the Sept 21 deadline, incl last min changes to “Mysterious Ways”, “The Fly” & “One”. The final night was spent deciding on a running order, & the Edge travelled to LA to deliver the album for final mastering.
Looking back on it,
the band referred to the album's musical departure as "the sound of 4 men chopping down The Joshua Tree". Bono called the album a "pivot point" in the band's career, saying, "Making AB is the reason we're still here now."
The Cover Artwork
For the album's cover, the desire was to steer clear of anything black & white to provide separation fr past album covers (Boy / R&H / TJT). Photo sessions were done w U2's longtime photographer Anton Corbijn, who initially shot the band in Berlin in late 1990, & then later in Feb 1991 & a final shoot was done in Morocco in July.
The band couldn’t decide on 1 single image to use for the cover. So instead, they decided to use them all, which led to the 16 mostly brightly colored images arranged in a 4x4 grid pattern on the front & again on the back. (the style is reminiscent of The Stones’
Exile on Main Street album
)
Included in the photos on the back of the original release was a standing nude photo of Adam Clayton, (color-treated in harsh red & blue tones)....but there was no hiding Adam’s manhood. The idea to do the naked photo shoot was Bono’s & it had to do w 1 of the album’s early working titles, which was
Adam:
“It was a basic progression from the 1st album of the Boy to Man, making a very simple straightforward statement, a person standing in a very unglamorous way. It wasn’t intended to have any particular sexuality about it, just a statement of where the band are in the most open & ‘naked’ way possible.”
This caused some stir when North American record executives saw the proposed cover for the 1st time, as some music retailers & other territories threatened to not sell the album because of the full-frontal nudity. Island Records reacted quickly, reprinting the artwork (for the CDs & cassettes only) with either a
black "X" or a
green shamrock covering Adam’s nudity. But because the vinyl was a limited run & not repressed, & Clayton’s naked picture remains on those, making the relatively small # of vinyl copies instant collectors’ items. Meanwhile, the label on the physical CD featured the graffiti image of a baby that was taken from an external wall at Windmill Lane & drawn by artist Charlie Whisker. This babyface was later used throughout the Zoo TV tour, appeared on the Zooropa album, & was resurrected on the U2360 tour. He has been named “Cosmo”.
Release
The album was released worldwide on Nov 18, 1991, (North America was the 19th).
Island Records & U2 refused to make advance copies of the album available to the press until just a few days before the release date, preferring that fans listen to the record before reading reviews. The decision came amid rumors of tensions w/in the band, similar to the Hollywood practice of withholding pre-release copies of films from reviewers whenever they receive poor word-of-mouth press. The group maintained a low profile after the record's release, avoiding interviews & allowing critics & the public to make their own assessments.
In the US, the 5-inch CD was distributed in 2 very different types of packaging. CDs at the time were packaged w a wasteful outer box called a ‘longbox’ that allowed CDs to be displayed in shelving originally used for 12-inch vinyl. For AB, U2 wanted to do away w the wasteful packaging & chose to release the CD in a jewel case by itself w no longbox. (Island encouraged the jewel case by offering a 4% discount).
As with TJT, AB produced 5 singles: (“The Fly“ / “Mysterious Ways“ / “One“ / “Even Better Than the Real Thing“ / “Who’s Gonna Ride Your Wild Horses“). When 4 of the single covers (except for "One") are placed together, they make 1 larger image, of U2 riding in a trabant car.
Link
The album debuted at #1 on the USA Billboard Top 200 Albums chart, & debuted at #2 in the UK albums charts. It has sold 18 million copies to date worldwide (2nd to TJT, which has sold 25 million copies). AB won a Grammy Award in 1993 for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group w Vocal & was nominated for Album of the Year while Lanois & Eno captured the award for Producer of the Year (Non-Classical).