Krista> It would help with some hints on what type of food you prefer, but here's some places I have been to... now, it's been 3 years since I was in Amsterdam last, so some may not be exactly as I remember but anyway...
Ciel Bleu: Fine Dining. 2 Michelin Stars. I like their Scottish Salmon, the Roasted Pigeon and definitely their Cheese Trolley. They have a very good wine selection as well. I would anticipate around 200 - 250 Euros per person (if you drink wine).
English webpage:
http://www.cielbleu.nl/en/Home.html
De Bolhoed: Vegetarian place my hippie friends liked a lot. I drank there, and it worked for me. Very good coffee drinks, but I don't know that much about the food, outside of my friends raving about it. Not sure if they have a webpage, but here's some vegan reviews:
http://www.vegguide.org/entry/1036
Beddingtons: Fusion cuisine that has gotten rave reviews. I think it's very uneven, so check the menu first.
http://www.diningcity.nl/beddington/en/index.php
Kaiko: Best sushi in Amsterdam IMO. Also very popular with Japanese business men. The place is always packed. But if you want a more traditional Japanese menu, go to
Yamazoto instead (which has a Michelin star as well).
http://www.yamazato.nl/en/Home.html Their Sukiyaki is among the best I've had. They used to serve traditional Japanese breakfast as well, but I'm not sure if they still do that.
For beer, go to
Arendsnest, because they specialize in Dutch beer:
http://www.arendsnest.nl/english.php Plenty of other places that have Belgian and German beers, but why do that while in Amsterdam.
If you want to try Jenever, go to
Olofspoort, to try it out. They also sell bottles to take home:
http://www.olofspoort.com/main.html
Most places have been around for centuries, so there's definitely traditional bars/pubs/restaurants to visit... Do you know what weekday you'll be there? There's always events taking place all over the city, so the weekday can factor in on what there is to do.
What type of sight seeing? I enjoy the Van Gogh Museum, but I like art... hate the Anne Frank museum... Rembrandthuis is worth a visit, the Maritime Museum is worth a visit too (
http://www.scheepvaartmuseum.nl/english), the Rijksmuseum, the Vodka museum (also has a bar), Tulip museum (I don't care for it, but it is Holland). Most of these are in the museum quarter and very close. I like the Geels Coffee museum too, which is really a shop, with a museum top floor, but I'm a coffee fanatic... They are not open all days of the week though, so it's going to depend on when you are there. Museum of Bags and Purses maybe?