https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/central-american-immigrants-united-states/?fbclid=IwAR23QlH_AhiIfo5knzhtxpEG8XtXeBQYtDm811vE9lQ9xoYlX9SLYNb1QYQ
Figure 9 is the key thing to examine.
If you and I could earn 40k here in Knoxville, but knew that we had jobs available that would pay 4 million instead in Canada, many of us would go. That minimizes the challenges for these folks who have a language barrier etc, but the math is right on the difference between what they earn in huehuetenango (30-40 USD per month) and what they earn in Knoxville (40 to 50k, earned in the shadow economy with large remittances going home).
Look people in El Salvador were just denied TPS https://www.nytimes.com/.../08/us/salvadorans-tps-end.html. In the last 3 years the murder rate has declined.
Why do they think El Salvador is much worse? The 2001 earthquake?
If we had a TON of Venezuelans coming now, it would make sense, and honestly many of them should be granted asylum.
What we have are people who are coached by those who have made it successfully and the coyotes who have a massive financial stake in continuing the flood of people (they are literally being paid thousands of dollars per person per trip) to lie and claim they are in danger. They are coached in what to say for an initial determination hearing (I am in fear for my life because...) but they are coming for economic reasons. Now that is not everyone, it is just the vast majority.
I would be interested in anything other than anecdotes that shows why your friend thinks El Salvador is much worse. Federal judges looked for a reason to block the change on TPS and didnt find it. Did people flee civil war in Central American countries and come to America for legitimate and legal reasons in seeking asylum? YES. What happened subsequently is that those whose relatives were granted citizenship in 1986 were able to do better and better than their neighbors, then you had more folks make their way. What is drawing people is not civil war, it is not fear of death, it is a desire for a better life.
I actually have tremendous sympathy for that position. It is one of the reasons I have been talking more about both that factoid about 4 million in Canada and the fact that for many folks in Guat you could save half your salary your whole life and never become a landowner because of protections around land, which I view as unjust.
Talk to some folks who are here illegally. Ask them why they came. The flight from violence aspect of asylum seekers is very real for those who are granted asylum. The massive increase in migrants is not because of new war, or the volcano, or climate change or whatever else, it is because of $$$.