Don't consider these answers definitive, just "to the best of my knowledge" (which is pretty decent, but not infallible)...
The only ones you can dual wield without mods are the bound sword and bound dagger, since they're the only one-handed bound weapons in the official content. But you don't need anything extra to dual wield them, it will just work (and cost a lot of mana).
If you go into your weapon equipment menu with the bound weapon cast and equipped, you'll see the weapon strength of your weapon. You can then compare that to your other weapons. It's my understanding that they're all the equivalent of an unimproved daedric weapon, which means they're amazing at low level, but get less effective at high level (when true warriors have levelled up smithing and are improving their weapons to crazy degrees). Even the conjuration perks don't come close to doing to a bound weapon what levelled smithing can do to a regular one. But they won't be useless, just not optimal. They'll still look awesome and be really fun.